Governor and safety attachment for elevators



No. 608,93l. Patented Aug. 9, [898. J. W. TBAMME-LL.

GOVERNOR AND SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS.

(Application filed Mar. 9, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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Patented Aug. 9, I898. J. W. TRAMMELL.

GOVERNOR AND SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS.

(Application filed Mar. 9, 1898.)

(No Model.)

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No. 608,93l. Patented Aug'. 9, 1898. J. W. TRAMMELL.

GOVERNORAND SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS.

(Application filed Mar. 9, 1898.) (No Model.)

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TATES I JOHN \V. TRAMMELL, OF OHATTAHOOOHEE, FLORIDA.

GOVERNOR AND SAFETY ATTACHMENT FOR ELEVATORS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 608,931, dated August 9,1898.

Application filed March 9 1898.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN W. TRAMMELL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Ghat tahooehee, in the county of Gadsden and State of Florida, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors and Safety Attachments for Elevators; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to that class of governors and safety attachments for elevators in which the speed of ascent or descent of the car is controlled by the passage of a liquid forced from one end of a cylinder to the opposite end thereof by a screw-shaft and follower operated, through interposed mechanism, by the movements of the car.

The objects are in a simple, effective, and positive manner to control the movements of an elevator-car to cause thesame, either inascending or descending, to have a uniform and predetermined rate of speed, which cannot be accelerated from any carelessness of the elevator-attendant; to prevent, in an absolute manner, the falling of a car in the event of breakage of the hoisting-ropes, to provide means whereby a predetermined rate of speed of travel may be fixed, so that the car shall travel only at the rate set, whether carrying a heavy or a light load;,to provide means.

whereby the ropes or cables operating the follower-actuating shaft shall be prevented from slipping on the operating-drums, and, finally, to provide an elevator-governor of simple, compact, and durable form and which may be operated at an expenditure of but a small amount of power.

With these objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction and combination of parts of a governor and safety attachment for elevators, as will be fully hereinafter described and claimed.

Further and more specific details of construction will be hereinafter fully described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which like letters of reference indicate corresponding parts, Figurelisa view-in frontelevation displaying an elevator-shaft with-a car in place Serial No. 673,239. (No model.)

therein, the governor, and connection between the governor and the car. Fig. 2 is a view in vertical transverse section taken on theline 2 2,Fig. 1, and looking to the right. Fig. 3 is a View in rear elevation of the governor, showing more clearly certain parts obscured from view in Fig. 1. Fig. 4:is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 4 4, Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a verticallongitudinal sectional view through the center of the governor -cylinder. Fig. 6 is a view in plan, partly in section, displaying the valve mechanism for control ling the passage of oil from one end of the cylinder to the other; and Fig. 7 is a detail sectional view taken on the line 7 '7, Fig. 2, displaying the guides in which the sliding block works.

Referring to the drawings, A designates an elevator-car, which may be of any approved closed at its ends by suitable heads I), as usual.

Each head is provided witha threaded extension 6 upon which is screwed astufiing-box b and as these may be of anypreferred construction a detailed description thereof is deemed unnecessary. 7

Working in the stuffing-boxes is a shaft N, that portion of the shaft within the cylinder being screw-threaded, and working upon this screw-shaft is a follower b constructed in any preferred manner and provided centrally witha threaded opening, in which the shaft works. The follower is held against turning and is guided longitudinally of the cylinder byrods b secured in position by nuts b screwed on the ends of the rods and bearing against the outer faces of the cylinder-heads. The extremities of the shaft from the inner sides of the'heads outward are reduced and are supported by suitable boxes b the shoulders, formed by reducing the diameter of the ends of the shaft, bearing against the inner faces of the cylinder-heads and operating to take up endthrust caused by the resistance presented by the oil to the follower in being moved'from one'end of the cylinder to the other. A I v I Upon each end of the shaft, adjacent to the boXes b is mounted a drum If, each drum being provided with side flanges b and a centerflange b, the latter flange having a transverse opening through which are tied or otherwise secured the drum operating ropes 19 It will be observed by reference to Figs. 1, 4:, and 5 that the center flange Z1 divides each drum into two drums, so that when the rope I) is passed through the transverse opening in this flange and secured there one half of the rope may be wound, say, from right to left on one half of the drum and the other end of the rope from left to right on the other half of the drum, so that as the car ascends and descends the rope will be unwound from one half of the drum and wound on the other half, and vice versa, and by this arrangement the employment of a long drum'is obviated and space is thereby economized. One end of each of these ropes is secured to the under side of the car and the other end passes over grooved sheaves at the top of the shaft and is secured to the top of the car. By this arrangement it will be seen that when the car ascends one portion of the rope will be Wound upon one half of the drum and the other portion will be unwound in exact proportion, the size of the drum with relation to the cylinder being such that two turns of the drum correspond to the space between two landings of a building.

Tapped into the cylinder-heads are the two ends of a pass-pipe Z1 and arranged intermediate of the ends of this pipe is a valvecasing b, Fig. 6, in which works a valve I),

.having a transverse opening through which oil will pass from one end of the cylinder to the other when the valve is turned to bring the opening into alinement with the bore of the pipe. The stem Z9 of this valve is supported by a suitable standard b", and connected with the stem is a lever Z1 carrying a weight adjustable on the lever, so as to vary its power. The lever works between and is guided by the two members of a slotted standard 13 provided with a plurality of transverse openings I), through any alined two of which may be passed a pin Z2 placed above the lever and regulating its lift, and thereby controlling absolutely the passage of oil from one end of the cylinder to the other, and thus the speed of travel of the elevator. To the free end of the lever is connected a rope Z9 which extends upward and bears against two sheaves Z9 fixed in any suitable manner to the car-frame, the free end of this ropebeing secured at the top of the elevatorshaft, the length of rope between the two sheaves b being passed around a sheave Z2 carried by a sliding block b the block having a dovetailed extension working in a similar-shaped groove 19 in a guide-piece Z9 also secured to the car-frame. Connected to the sliding block at the end opposite that carryin g the sheave Z2 is a rope 22 which passes around a sheave 11 also secured on the guidepiece and around an overhead sheave b ,'disposed at right angles to the sheave Z9 and thence down, and carries at its end a handle 19 It will be seen that when this handle is drawn down the sliding block Z9 will be moved laterally, and through the medium of the sheave 11 the rope Z7 will be placed under such tension as to lift the lever 19 and turn the valve 12 thus permitting the passage of oil from one end of the cylinder to the other. When the elevator has reached the point at which it is to be stopped, the handle I) is released and the lever 19 drops, and thus automatically closes the passage of oil between the ends of the cylinder.

While I have shown inthis instance a handle for operating the rope 11 it is obvious that a wheel or an ordinary lever, such as employed on elevators, may be adapted for the same purpose.

The elevatormay be lifted bysuitable hoisting-ropes A as usual, the mechanism actuating these ropes to raise the car not being shown, as it forms no part of the present invention, its operation being obvious.

Should the hoisting-ropes break and the car stop at a point between two landings, the attendant can bring the car to a landing simply by alternately opening and closing the valve of the governor to permit the car gradually to descend to the point desired without any possible danger of the elevator dropping to the bottom of the shaft.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprising a liquid-containing cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, and a weighted lever adapted, upon being raised, to move the valve to establish communication between the ends of the cylinder, and, when dropped, automatically to cut off such communication, substantially as described.

2. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprising a liquid-containing cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, a weighted lever adapted, upon being raised, to move the valve to establish communication between the ends of the cylinder, and, when dropped, automatically to cut off such communication, and means for limiting the are of movement of the lever, thereby to regulate the speed of the car, substantially as described.

3. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprising a liquid-containing cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, a weighted lever, a slotted standard in which the lever works,

said standard being provided with a plurality of openings, and a pin adapted to be inserted in alined pairs of the openings, substantially as described.

4:. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprisinga liquid-containin g cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, a weighted lever operatively connected with the valve, a drum secured on each end of the screw-shaft, and a rope wound upon each drum and held from slipping thereon, one end of each of the ropes being secured to the bottom of an elevator-car, and the other end to the top of the car, substantially as described.

.5. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprising a liquid-containing cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, a weighted lever operatively connected with the valve, a drum secured on each end of the screw-shaft, said drums being each provided with side flanges and a center flange, the, latter being provided with a transverse opening, and a rope wound upon each drum and held from slipping thereon by being secured in the said transverse.

opening, one end of each of the ropes being secured to the bottom of an elevator-car, and the other end to the top of the car, whereby,

as the car ascends and descends, the rope will be wound off of one half of the drum and onto the other half, and vice versa, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

6. A governor and safety attachment for elevators, comprising a liquid-containing cylinder, a follower therein, a driven screwshaft for reciprocating the follower, a passage-way connecting the ends of the cylinder, a valve in the passage-way, a weighted lever operatively connected with the Valve, a drum secured on each end of the screw-shaft, a rope wound upon each drum and held from slipping thereon, one end of the rope being secured to the bottom of an elevator-car, and the other end to the top of the car, a valve operating rope connected at one end with the whereby to lift the lever and thus open the.

valve, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOHN WV. TRAMMELL.

Witnesses:

R. G. DYRENFORTH, R. M. ELLIOTT. 

